Paul Holmes -
University
English Professor

Free Materials For ESL Teachers and Learners

“Historical Events” ESL Discussion Questions

I. Ancient Civilizations
1. What is an ancient civilization you are interested in?
2. Can you name a famous leader from an ancient civilization?
3. What are some inventions from ancient civilizations that we still use today?
4. How did ancient civilizations build their structures?
5. Why do you think some ancient civilizations disappeared?

II. World Wars
6. What was the main cause of World War I?
7. How did World War II start?
8. Can you name a famous battle from either World War I or II?
9. How did the world wars change the map of Europe?
10. What are some long-term effects of the world wars?

III. Significant Revolutions
11. What do you know about the American Revolution?
12. Can you explain what the French Revolution was about?
13. What was the outcome of the Russian Revolution?
14. Why do you think people start revolutions?
15. Are there any revolutions happening in the world today?

IV. Great Leaders in History
16. Who is a leader from history you admire?
17. What made Alexander the Great so famous?
18. Can you name a female leader from history?
19. What qualities do you think make a good leader?
20. How did Gandhi change India?

V. Discoveries and Inventions
21. What is a discovery that changed the world?
22. Who invented the telephone?
23. How did the invention of the wheel impact humanity?
24. Can you name an invention from the 20th century that is important?
25. What do you think is the most important invention of the last 100 years?

VI. Cultural Movements
26. What was the Renaissance?
27. Can you name an artist from the Renaissance period?
28. What is one major idea that came out of the Enlightenment?
29. How did the Industrial Revolution change society?
30. What was the impact of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States?

VII. Natural Disasters in History
31. Can you name a famous natural disaster from history?
32. How did the Black Death affect Europe?
33. What are some ways people in history dealt with natural disasters?
34. How has our response to natural disasters changed over time?
35. What lessons have we learned from historical natural disasters?

VIII. Exploration and Colonization
36. Who was Christopher Columbus?
37. What was the purpose of the Lewis and Clark Expedition?
38. How did European colonization affect the Americas?
39. Can you name an explorer and what they discovered?
40. What are some negative impacts of colonization?

IX. Conflicts and Resolutions
41. What was the Cold War?
42. Can you explain what apartheid was in South Africa?
43. How was the conflict in Northern Ireland resolved?
44. What are some ways to resolve conflicts between countries?
45. Can you name a current conflict in the world and its causes?

X. Technological Advances
46. What was the Space Race?
47. How has the internet changed the world?
48. What are some benefits of renewable energy technologies?
49. Can you name a recent technological invention that you find interesting?
50. How do you think technology will change in the next 50 years?

XI. Environmental History
51. What was the Industrial Revolution’s impact on the environment?
52. Can you name an environmental disaster caused by humans?
53. How have humans tried to protect the environment in history?
54. What is the significance of the first Earth Day?
55. How has climate change affected historical events?

XII. Art and Literature
56. How did World War I influence art and literature?
57. Can you name a famous historical novel and its significance?
58. How has literature changed over time?
59. What role does art play in recording history?
60. Can you think of a piece of art that has changed society?