Paul Holmes -
University
English Professor

Free Materials For ESL Teachers and Learners

“Macbeth” ESL Discussion Questions

I. Introduction to Macbeth
1. What type of play is Macbeth?
2. Who wrote Macbeth?
3. What country is the setting for Macbeth?
4. When was Macbeth first performed?
5. What is the main theme of Macbeth?

II. Characters in Macbeth
6. Who is the main character in Macbeth?
7. Can you describe Lady Macbeth?
8. Who are the three witches?
9. Who is Banquo in the play?
10. How does Macbeth change throughout the play?

III. Plot and Structure
11. What is the prophecy given to Macbeth by the witches?
12. How does Macbeth become king?
13. What role does Lady Macbeth play in Macbeth’s rise to power?
14. Why does Macbeth decide to kill Banquo?
15. What is the significance of the banquet scene?

IV. Themes and Symbols
16. What does blood symbolize in Macbeth?
17. How is ambition portrayed in the play?
18. What role does fate play in Macbeth?
19. How is guilt shown in Macbeth?
20. What does the darkness symbolize in the play?

V. Language and Imagery
21. What are some examples of imagery in Macbeth?
22. How does Shakespeare use language to show Macbeth’s state of mind?
23. Can you find a metaphor in Macbeth? What does it mean?
24. What is the tone of the play?
25. How does the language change as the play progresses?

VI. Interpretations and Adaptations
26. How have different actors portrayed Macbeth?
27. Are there any film adaptations of Macbeth? What are they like?
28. How might Macbeth be interpreted in a modern context?
29. What are some challenges in staging Macbeth?
30. How does the portrayal of Lady Macbeth vary in different adaptations?

VII. Moral and Ethical Issues
31. Is Macbeth a moral play? Why or why not?
32. Do you think Macbeth is a victim of circumstance or responsible for his own downfall?
33. How does the play address the consequences of unchecked ambition?
34. What lessons can we learn about power from Macbeth?
35. How are good and evil presented in the play?

VIII. Supernatural Elements
36. How do the witches influence the events of the play?
37. What is the significance of the apparitions in the play?
38. Do you believe in the supernatural elements presented in Macbeth?
39. How does the supernatural affect the characters’ decisions?
40. What might the witches represent in the play?

IX. Conflict and Resolution
41. What is the main conflict in Macbeth?
42. How is the conflict between Macbeth and Macduff resolved?
43. What internal conflicts does Macbeth face?
44. How does Lady Macbeth’s character develop a conflict in the play?
45. What is the resolution of the play?

X. Quotes and Passages
46. Can you quote a famous line from Macbeth?
47. What does “Out, damned spot!” mean?
48. How does “Fair is foul, and foul is fair” relate to the play’s themes?
49. What is the significance of Macbeth’s “Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow” soliloquy?
50. What does Macbeth mean when he says he has “murdered sleep”?

XI. Critical Reception and Analysis
51. How has Macbeth been received by audiences and critics over time?
52. Why do you think Macbeth is still studied and performed today?
53. What are some common interpretations of Macbeth’s character?
54. How does Macbeth compare to other Shakespearean tragedies?
55. What makes Macbeth a timeless play?

XII. Classroom Discussion and Activities
56. How would you stage a scene from Macbeth in a classroom setting?
57. What would be an interesting project related to Macbeth?
58. How can you relate the themes of Macbeth to the modern world?
59. What would be a good discussion topic about Macbeth for a group project?
60. If you could ask Shakespeare one question about Macbeth, what would it be?

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